According to the biological viewpoint, genetics can be used to identify race. Scientists, however, have demonstrated this to be untrue. According to the sociological viewpoint, society has classified humans into races. The American Association of Anthropologists, the American Sociological Association, and the American Psychological Association have all issued formal statements opposing biological theories for race (Griffiths, & Keirns, 2015). The early racial science typology has gone out of favor, and the social construction of race is a more sociological approach to interpreting racial categories.